Seti Institute

BAJA SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS OF PERFORMANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELECTRONICS: 1. CONFIGURATION CONTROL RELATIVE TO BAJA GENERATED DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS. 2. ESD CONTROLS WHILE ASSEMBLING OR TESTING THE ELECTRONICS. 3. IPC-2221 STANDARD FOR PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD ARTWORK DESIGN RULES. 4. FPGA DESIGN RULES AND GUIDELINES. 5. EEE PART SELECTION OR RECOMMENDATION IAW NASA AND ESTEC. DELIVERABLES BAJA SHALL SUPPORT THE FOLLOWING PROJECT MEETINGS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE XTRA XRD/XF ELECTRONICS AND OTHER PROJECT ACTIVITIES IESC DEVELOPMENT PROJECT DELIVERABLES ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION DUE DATE 1 EEE PARTS LIST END OF YEAR 1 2 CCU, SHM, LVPS, SCE DRAFT SPECIFICATIONS END OF YEAR 1 3 CCU AND SHM SCHEMATICS END OF YEAR 1 4 PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEW PACKAGE CONTAINING BLOCK DIAGRAMS, PRELIMINARY SCHEMATICS, PRELIMINARY PARTS LIST, PRELIMINARY FPGA STATE DIAGRAMS, POWER CONSUMPTION CALCULATION, AND DESCRIPTION OF MONITOR PROGRAM FUNCTIONALITY. YEAR 2 5 UPDATED EEE PARTS LIST WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FLIGHT PARTS SELECTION YEAR 2 ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION DUE DATE 6 RECOMMEND PARTS PLACEMENT DRAWING SHOWING THE PREFERRED LOCATION FOR EEE PARTS. YEAR 2 7 EEE PARTS. YEAR 2 8 FPGA PROGRAMMING FILES END OF YEAR 2 9 UPDATED SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT END OF YEAR 2 10 ONE SET OF CCU, SHM, LVPS AND SCE YEAR 2 11 GSE SOFTWARE TWO MONTHS BEFORE END OF YEAR 3 12 FINAL FPGA PROGRAMMING FILES TWO MONTHS BEFORE END OF YEAR 3 13 TECHNICAL PROGRESS REPORTS END OF EACH YEAR PROJECT MEETING BAJA SHALL SUPPORT THE FOLLOWING PROJECT MEETINGS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE XTRA XRD/XRF ELECTRONICS AND OTHER PROJECT ACTIVITIES. IESC DEVELOPMENT MEETINGS MEETING DESCRIPTION/PURPOSE DATE REQUIREMENTS REVIEW REVIEW OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ELECTRONICS. REQUIREMENTS INCLUDE PERFORMANCE, PACKAGING, POWER CONSUMPTION, INTERFACES, SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT. REVIEW TO BE HELD AT ARC TBD PDR PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEW. REVIEW TO BE HELD AT ARC TBD CDR CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEW. REVIEW TO BE HELD AT ARC TBD

HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL CONDUCT R&D SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF THE DALI EFFORT ENTITLED "XTRA: AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL REGOLITH ANALYZER FOR LUNAR SOIL". WORK TO BE PERFORMED: HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL PRIMARILY CONTRIBUTE TO THREE SUBTASKS LISTED IN THE PROPOSAL WORK PLAN: 3A, 3B AND 4A. SUBTASK 3A. EVALUATE SA/D REQUIREMENTS FOR XTRA. HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL DEVELOP A FLIGHT QUALIFIABLE DESIGN FOR SAMPLE ACQUISITION AND DELIVERY OF LUNAR REGOLITH INTO THE XTRA SAMPLE CELL. THE SAMPLE ACQUISITION AND DELIVERY SYSTEM WILL BE BASED ON HONEYBEE ROBOTICS" PLANETVAC SYSTEM IN WHICH SAMPLE ACQUISITION IS ACHIEVED THROUGH A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM ATTACHED TO THE FOOTPAD OF THE LANDER. PLANETVAC HAS BEEN VACUUM CHAMBER TESTED AS WELL AS BEING TESTED ON MASTEN"S XOMBIE ROCKET. THE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM DELIVERS SAMPLE DIRECTLY TO THE XTRA CELL. HENCE, IT IS AN EXTREMELY LOW-RISK SAMPLE DELIVERY SYSTEM. THE PNEUMATIC SAMPLE DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN TESTED AT LUNAR GRAVITY AND IN VACUUM ON THE ZERO-G CORP. AIRPLANE. DURING THIS TASK, HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL DESIGN THE FOOTPAD MOUNTING OF THE PLANETVAC PNEUMATIC SYSTEM AND SIZE THE VALVES AND GAS CYLINDER FOR CONVEYANCE OF LUNAR SOIL IN THE GAS STREAM AND DELIVERY OF THE APPROPRIATE AMOUNT OF SAMPLE TO THE XTRA CELL. THE SYSTEM WILL BE FABRICATED TO ACHIEVE TRL 4/5. THIS TRL IS SUFFICIENT FOR PERFORMING THE END-TO-END DEMONSTRATION. SUBTASK 3B. DEVELOP A HIGH-TRL XSS FOR XTRA. HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL PROVIDE ENGINEERING SERVICES TO ASSIST SUBTASK LEAD CO-I SARRAZIN IN THIS DEVELOPMENT. THE XSS WILL PROVIDE A DUAL SAMPLE CELL LAYOUT, IN WHICH THE FIRST CELL IS SEALED AND CARRIES A CALIBRATION STANDARD. THE PRIMARY CALIBRATION CELL, IN DEFAULT POSITION IN THE X-RAY BEAM, WILL BE ANALYZED FIRST. AFTER VALIDATION OF THE DATA FROM THE CALIBRATION CELL, THE SECOND CELL WILL BE FILLED WITH LUNAR SOIL AND A SIMPLE RELEASE ACTUATOR (SOLENOID, FRANGIBOLT OR WAX ACTUATOR) WILL BE TRIGGERED TO MOVE IT INTO POSITION IN THE X-RAY BEAM. IN THE EVENT OF TOTAL LOSS OF SAMPLE OR SAMPLE DELIVERY CAPABILITY, A DEMONSTRATION XRD/XRF ANALYSIS CAN STILL BE MADE. BOTH SAMPLE CELLS WILL BE VIBRATED USING A RESONANT DESIGN AS USED IN CHEMIN, COMMERCIAL DERIVATIVES, AND THE LUNA-2 PROTOTYPE. A PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR WILL BE USED TO GENERATE VIBRATIONS AT A MECHANICAL RESONANCE FREQUENCY IN THE 1 TO 2 KHZ RANGE DEPENDING ON THE RESONATOR DESIGN (TUNING FORK). TWO XSS UNITS WILL BE FABRICATED, ONE DEDICATED TO TESTING AT HBR FOR VALIDATION AT TRL-5, AND THE SECOND FOR INTEGRATION INTO THE TRL-6 XTRA PROTOTYPE DURING TASK 6. ON COMPLETION OF TASK 3B, XTRA"S XSS MECHANICAL DESIGN WILL HAVE BEEN FINALIZED. SUBTASK 4: SYSTEM MECHANICAL DESIGN OF A FLIGHT-LIKE XTRA PROTOTYPE. THE MECHANICAL DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM WILL BE LED BY CO-I SARRAZIN. HONEYBEE ROBOTICS WILL PROVIDE ENGINEERING SUPPORT IN THE SYSTEM DESIGN, INTEGRATION OF THE HBR SUBSYSTEMS AND THERMAL SIMULATIONS. THE MECHANICAL DESIGN WILL INFORM AND PROVIDE MECHANICAL CONSTRAINTS ON SUB-COMPONENT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT. A BACKBONE STRUCTURE WILL HOLD THE CRITICAL COMPONENTS (X-RAY TUBE, CCD, SDD, XSS) IN POSITION, PROVIDE THE NECESSARY ALIGNMENTS, MANAGE THE CONDUCTIVE COOLING OF HEAT-GENERATING COMPONENTS (PELTIER, X-RAY TUBE), SHIELD DETECTORS FROM STRAY RADIATION, AND PROVIDE MECHANICAL SUPPORT FOR THE SYSTEM ENCLOSURE AND ELECTRONICS BOARDS. ALL COMPONENTS WILL BE MANUFACTURED IN ALUMINUM ALLOY EXCEPT WHEN X-RAY SHIELDING IS REQUIRED.

PROF. PARENTE WILL SUPERVISE THE GRADUATE STUDENT IN THE ECE DEPARTMENT AT UMASS, WHO WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE APPLICATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR HYPERSPECTRAL DATA ENHANCEMENT AND MAPPING, ORIGINALLY DERIVED FOR MARS DATA, WHICH WILL BE ADAPTED TO THE ANALYSIS OF LUNAR TERRAINS. THE RESULTING PRODUCTS WILL ALLOW THE ANALYSIS AND DECONVOLUTION OF SUBTLE SPECTRAL ABSORPTION FEATURES IN M3 SPECTRA OF SEVERAL LUNAR REGIONS. PROF. PARENTE WILL ALSO LEAD THE SPECTRAL DECONVOLUTION (UNMIXING) OF LUNAR TERRAINS TO ASSESS DOMINANT AND MINOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SPECTRA. PROF. PARENTE AND HIS GRADUATE STUDENT WILL SCHEDULE REGULAR TELECONFERENCE WITH THE SETI INSTITUTE TO REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF DATA ANALYSES AND ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT AND TO COORDINATE THE RESEARCH EFFORT WITH DR. BISHOP.

PROVIDE 3D MODELING AND CNC MACHINING SERVICES FOR: DEVELOPMENT OF BENCHTOP XRD AND VACUUM XRF INSTRUMENTS " DETAILED 3D DESIGN OF PROTOTYPES " MACHINING OF MECHANICAL COMPONENTS " SUPPORT WITH ASSEMBLY AND REWORK DESIGN OF FLIGHT INSTRUMENT " DESIGN AND PROTOTYPING OF SAMPLE HANDLING PROTOTYPE " DESIGN OF MECHANICAL PACKAGE OF FLIGHT SYSTEM FABRICATION OF FLIGHT SYSTEM " MACHINING OF SYSTEM PACKAGE COMPONENTS " MINOR REDESIGN " SUPPORT WITH MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY

DR. RACHEL KLIMA WILL CONTRIBUTE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS FOR THE SSERVI PROPOSAL ENTITLED "CHARACTERIZING VARIATIONS IN THE SPECTROSCOPIC FEATURES DUE TO H20 AND/OR 0H ON THE SURFACE OF THE MOON." DR. KLIMA, WHO WAS A MEMBER OF THE MOON MINERALOGY MAPPER TEAM AND HAS EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN LUNAR DATA ANALYSIS, WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THE PROJECT INSIGHT INTO THE CALIBRATION OF THE MOON MINERALOGY MAPPER DATA AND SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPECTRAL ABSORPTIONS OF HYDROXYL AND/OR WATER. SHE WILL CONTRIBUTE TO ABSTRACTS AND PUBLISHED PAPERS PREPARED BY THE PI. FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT THE ANALYSIS BY CO-I KLIMA WILL BE PERFORMED ON COMPUTERS CURRENTLY RESIDING AT JOHNS HOPKINS APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY. THE COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE PACKAGES IDL AND ENVI ARE ALREADY AVAILABLE TO BE USED IN SOME STAGES OF THE PROCESSING AS NECESSARY

JWST OBSERVATIONS OF THE INNER WIND-LAUNCHING REGIONS OF PLANET-FORMING DISKS ARE BEGINNING TO REVOLUTIONIZE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL QUESTION IN DISK EVOLUTION: WHAT DRIVES THE GLOBAL ACCRETION FLOW? THE WINDS BOTH ENABLE ACCRETION BY REMOVING THE DISK'S ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND DETERMINE THE SUPPLY OF MATERIAL AVAILABLE TO FORM PLANETS VERSUS LOCATION AND TIME. SPATIALLY RESOLVED OBSERVATIONS WITH JWST'S NIRSPEC AND MIRI-MRS OF KEY WIND TRACERS INCLUDING CO AND H2 ROVIBRATIONAL LINES AND IONIZED LINES OF NE AND AR ARE ALLOWING THE FIRST MAPPING OF CONDITIONS IN THE WINDS. HOWEVER, MODELING IS ESSENTIAL TO RELIABLY TURN THESE TRACERS INTO INFORMATION ABOUT THE MASS FLOWS DURING PLANET FORMATION. WE WILL CONNECT THE OBSERVED EMISSION TO LAUNCHING CONDITIONS IN THE DISK AND WIND MASS FLOW RATES. INTERPRETING JWST SPECTRO-IMAGING REQUIRES MODELS TREATING THE MAIN FACTORS THAT GOVERN THE LINE STRENGTHS: THE MAGNETICALLY DRIVEN FLOWS OF GAS THROUGH THE DISK ATMOSPHERE AND WIND, THE PHOTOCHEMICAL HEATING AND COOLING THAT SET TEMPERATURES, THE REACTIONS THAT ALTER THE EMITTING SPECIES' ABUNDANCES, AND THE EXCITATION CONTROLLING HOW STRONGLY EACH SPECIES EMITS. WE THEREFORE PROPOSE TO COMBINE MHD MODELING OF THE FLOWS IN THE DISKS AND THEIR WINDS WITH THERMAL AND PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING OF THE HEATING, COOLING, AND REACTIONS AMONG THE CONSTITUENT SPECIES. PRELIMINARY RESULTS SHOW THAT MODELING THE WIND DYNAMICS ALONGSIDE THE THERMOCHEMISTRY ALTERS THE FLOW PATTERN COMPARED WITH TREATING THESE PROCESSES SEPARATELY. THE CHANGED WIND MORPHOLOGIES IMPACT DENSITIES, TEMPERATURES, EXCITATION STATES, AND THUS THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE LINE EMISSION. THE PROJECT CONSISTS OF THREE TASKS: (1) WE WILL FIRST CONSTRUCT SIMPLE PARAMETRIC MODELS AIMED AT SIMULATING OBSERVED JWST IMAGES; THESE MODELS WILL INVOLVE DETAILED CHEMISTRY AND EXCITATION WITH RADIATIVE TRANSFER BUT USE AN ASSUMED STREAMLINE GEOMETRY FOR THE WIND DYNAMICS. (2) GUIDED BY THE EXPLORATIONS IN TASK 1, WE WILL CONSTRUCT AXISYMMETRIC NON-IDEAL MHD CALCULATIONS SPANNING LIKELY DISK RADIAL STRUCTURE, MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH, DUST ABUNDANCE, AND STELLAR IONIZING LUMINOSITY, TO INFER WHAT PROCESSES OPERATE ACROSS DISKS TO DRIVE STRONG AND WEAK WINDS. (3) WE WILL INVESTIGATE HEATING BY MAGNETIC ACTIVITY, INCLUDING DIFFUSION AND RECONNECTION IN THE DISK ATMOSPHERE AND IN WINDS, ADD SUCH HEATING TO THE THERMO-CHEMICAL MODELING TO STUDY THE EFFECTS ON WIND CHEMISTRY, AND IDENTIFY POTENTIAL LINE EMISSION SIGNATURES OF THESE PROCESSES FOR FUTURE OBSERVATIONS. WE WILL MAKE THE SYNTHETIC SPECTRA FROM ALL THREE TASKS PUBLICLY AVAILABLE FOR INTERPRETING AND PLANNING JWST OBSERVATIONS OF LOW-MASS YOUNG STARS. THE THREE TASKS TOGETHER WILL TURN DATA FROM JWST AND OTHER TELESCOPES INTO AN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE WINDS ENABLE DISKS TO FEED MATERIAL ONTO YOUNG STARS AND TO EVOLVE THE CONDITIONS FOR PLANET FORMATION. THE PROPOSED WORK DIRECTLY SUPPORTS THE EXOPLANETS RESEARCH PROGRAM GOAL OF UNDERSTANDING THE FORMATION OF EXOPLANETS AND EXOPLANETARY SYSTEMS. SPECIFICALLY, THE WORK WILL IMPROVE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW PROTOPLANETARY DISKS EVOLVE AND HOW MAGNETIC FIELDS MEDIATE MASS AND ANGULAR TRANSPORT THROUGH THE DISKS AS THEY FORM PLANETS.

YEAR 1: CREATE A SCHEMATIC DESIGN AND NETLIST OF A FIRST PROTOTYPE WITH THE GOAL TO TEST FUNCTIONALITY AND INTERFACES. THIS PROTOTYPE WILL BE FULLY FUNCTIONAL IN A VACUUM ENVIRONMENT. IT WILL INCORPORATE RADIATION-CONSCIOUS DESIGN PRACTICES. THE BILL OF MATERIALS WILL CONSIST OF EASILY PROCURED COTS PARTS, AND AS MANY AS PRACTICAL WILL BE PARTS FLIGHT-PROVEN ON HITOMI, NICER, AND TESS. CREATE A SIMPLE TEST SETUP THAT CAN PROVIDE POWER TO THE SPECTROMETER AND COLLECT DATA, INCLUDING HISTOGRAMS. USE IT TO TEST THE PROTOTYPE ONCE IT HAS BEEN FABRICATED. AT FIRST THIS WILL INVOLVE ARTIFICIAL PULSES, WITHOUT A DETECTOR. WITH A DETECTOR INSTALLED, TEST USING COSMIC RAYS. EITHER TEST WITH X- RAYS HERE OR SUPPORT SUCH TESTING IN CALIFORNIA (TBD). IN EITHER CASE, DELIVER THE TEST SETUP WHEN TESTS AT NOQSI AEROSPACE ARE COMPLETE. DELIVERABLES: ELECTRICAL ICD. SCHEMATIC, NETLIST, AND BILL OF MATERIALS. TEST SETUP AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS. PROGRESS REPORT. YEAR 2: SUPPORT DESIGN REVIEW. THIS INCLUDES CREATING MORE COMPREHENSIVE DOCUMENTATION. AFTER REVIEW IS COMPLETE, CREATE THE SCHEMATIC AND NETLIST FOR THE SECOND PROTOTYPE, INCORPORATING LESSONS FROM TESTING AND REVIEW. THIS MAY INCLUDE REVISED COMPONENT SELECTION. CONTINUE TO SUPPORT TESTING DELIVERABLES: COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION OF THE FIRST PROTOTYPE. REVISED SCHEMATIC, NETLIST, AND BILL OF MATERIALS. PROGRESS REPORT. YEAR 3: SUPPORT DESIGN REVIEW. THIS INCLUDES CREATING FINAL DOCUMENTATION FOR THE DESIGN. CONTINUE TO SUPPORT TESTING. DELIVERABLES: FINAL DOCUMENTATION. FINAL REPORT.

ASSIST WITH THE PROPOSED EFFORT BY DEVELOPING AND APPLYING STATISTICAL DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS TO ASSESS THE SPATIAL, SIZE, AND COMPOSITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRATERS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED FEATURES ACROSS THE SURFACE OF THE MOON, AND RELATE THEM TO THEORETICAL MODELS OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE LUNAR SURFACE THROUGH A FORWARD-MODELING BAYESIAN INFERENCE AND MODEL-SELECTION PROCESS.

RESPONSIBLE FOR USING VIMS DATA TO INFER THE DISTRIBUTION OF ICE AGES OVER 30 CRATERS ON THE SURFACES OF TETHYS, DIONE, AND RHEA. USING SUCH DATA, THE CO-L WILL RESOLVE THE FORMATION AGE OF THESE YOUNG CRATERS. SETI WILL ADDITIONALLY AIDE IN THE INTERPRETATION OF THE MODELING RESULTS AND IN MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION. SETI WILL WORK WITH CO-LS TO DEVELOP A LIST OF CRATERS WITH THE BEST DATA TO STUDY BOTH ICE PHASE DISTRIBUTION AND CRATERING STATISTICS. THE CO-L WILL ALSO SUPERVISE 2 SUMMER UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS PER PROPOSED YEAR