Regents of the University of Michigan

BOSTON UNIVERSITY'S CONTRIBUTION TO THIS PROJECT WILL BE LED BY CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS RESEARCH SCIENTIST HONGYANG ZHOU ALONGSIDE CO-I LIANG WANG. THE TEAM WILL TEST THE ROBUSTNESS OF THE MHD-AEPIC COUPLING WITH VARYING KINETIC SPATIAL DOMAIN, AND IDENTIFY GLOBAL WAVE ACTIVITIES FROM THE UPSTREAM SOLAR WIND, FORESHOCK, AND THE MAGNETOSHEATH REGION. THEY WILL ALSO CROSSCOMPARE THIS MODEL WITH OTHER ESTABLISHED SOLVERS. BESIDES, THE TEAM WILL IMPROVE THE TEST PARTICLE DATA OUTPUTS AS WELL AS VISUALIZATION TOOLS FOR THE TEST PARTICLES, PLASMA MOMENTS AND VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS.

ANALYZING THE MMS SATELLITE DATA TO IDENTIFY THE KINETIC STRUCTURES OF THE SHOCKED PLASMA IN THE MAGNETOSHEATH, INVESTIGATE THE EVOLUTION OF THESE STRUCTURES DURING THEIR DOWNSTREAM PROPAGATION, AND STUDY THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH THE MAGNETOPAUSE. DR. WEIJIE SUN HAS SERVED IN MMS’S SCIENTIST- IN-THE-LOOP (SITL) PROGRAM SINCE 2018. HE WILL ALSO WORK WITH THE PI, DR. YUXI CHEN TO COMPARE THE SATELLITE DATA WITH THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION RESULTS AND PARTICIPATE IN THE PERIODIC TEAM MEETING TO DISCUSS THE OVERALL PROGRESS OF THIS PROJECT.

THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THIN CURRENT SHEETS AND TO CONSTRUCT A THIN CURRENT SHEET MODULE IN MODIFIED TSYGANENKO-TYPE MODELS TO REPRESENT SUBSTORM GROWTH PHASE MAGNETIC FIELD.

THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT, THE SMOKE CENTER WILL PLAY AN ONGOING ROLE IN ENSURING THE PROJECT RESEARCH IS RELEVANT AND USEFUL TO THE SMOKE CENTER AND OTHER PARTNERS. IN ADDITION, THE SMOKE CENTER WILL: ● SUPPORT OBJECTIVE 2, 3, AND 4 BY ADVISING ON THE SAMPLING AND INTERVIEW GUIDE DEVELOPMENT ● ADVISE AND PARTICIPATE IN OBJECTIVE 5, TO DEVELOP AND TEST GEOSPATIAL DECISION SUPPORT FRAMEWORK (I.E., A DECISION TREES THAT ASSISTANCE PROVIDERS COULD USE TO HELP THEM PLAN PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR THE BENEFIT OF VULNERABLE POPULATIONS).

THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THIN CURRENT SHEETS AND TO CONSTRUCT A THIN CURRENT SHEET MODULE IN MODIFIED TSYGANENKO-TYPE MODELS TO REPRESENT SUBSTORM GROWTH PHASE MAGNETIC FIELD. WE WILL ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTIONS: (1) WHAT CHARACTERIZES THE DYNAMICS OF MLT AND LATITUDE LOCATIONS OF ELECTRON AND ION ISOTROPY BOUNDARIES DURING SUBSTORMS OBSERVED AT LOW ALTITUDES? (2) HOW CLOSELY CAN EQUATORIAL ELECTRON AND ION SCATTERING REGIONS (THIN CURRENT SHEET) APPROACH THE EARTH DURING SUBSTORM GROWTH PHASE? (3) WHAT IS THE MLT LOCALIZATION/ASYMMETRY OF EQUATORIAL ELECTRON SCATTERING REGION (THIN CURRENT SHEET) DURING SUBSTORM GROWTH PHASE? WE AIM AT THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPEN RELEASE OF THE MODIFIED T96/TS05 MODEL FOR THE NIGHTSIDE MAGNETIC FIELD DYNAMICS DURING SUBSTORM GROWTH PHASE. THE MAIN DATASET FOR THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS THE PARTICLE DATA FROM ENERGETIC PARTICLE DETECTORS (EPDS) FOR IONS AND ELECTRONS ONBOARD ELFIN CUBESATS. DR. A. ARTEMYEV (CO-I/UTA INSTITUTIONAL PI) WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANALYSIS OF ELFIN OBSERVATIONS OF IB DYNAMICS DURING MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORM. THIS DATASET WILL BE USED BY THE PROPOSAL TEAM FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW ADAPTIVE MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL.

DR. JORG-MICHA JAHN WILL ANALYZE HERMES PARTICLE DATA FOR SOLAR WIND, SHEATH, AND EARTH'S MAGNETOTAIL, WITH FOCUS ON SCIENCE AND SCIENCE IMPACT DUE TO CONSTRAINTS ON THE PARTICLE PACKAGE CAUSED BY GATEWAY ACCOMMODATIONS. SUPPORT SCIENCE AND TEAM MEETINGS, SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS. DR. RUDY FRAHM WILL PERFORM HERMES FIELD-OF VIEW LIMITATION ANALYSIS DUE TO GATEWAY ACCOMMODATIONS. SUPPORT SCIENCE AND TEAM MEETINGS, SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS.

SRD-16-1230 REV B

CRATER: CHARACTERIZATION OF REGOLITH AND TRACE ECONOMIC RESOURCES

LEAD DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE DATA COMPRESSION ALGORITHMS FOR THE MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER. DEVELOP ON-BOARD SOFTWARE DATA COMPRESSION THAT CALIBRATES THE FULL (~4000 CHANNEL) DATA SET (I.E. REMOVES HIGHFREQUENCY INSTRUMENT SPECTRAL CONTENT) AND REDUCES IT TO A MUCH SMALLER BIT LENGTH TO DOWNLINK. SUPPORT TESTING OF DATA COMPRESSION ALGORITHM ON THE PROTOTYPE INSTRUMENT. SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT, TESTING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER CALIBRATION ALGORITHM.

DEVELOPING ROBUST MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ATMOSPHERIC RETRIEVAL METHODS FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION CROSS-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY

CO-I RAUSCHER’S GROUP AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN WILL PRIMARILY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR PROVIDING 3-D MODELS TO USE FOR TESTING THE ECLIPSE MAPPING CODE. THEY WILL CALCULATE SIMULATED JWST OBSERVATIONS FROM THESE MODELS, WHICH WILL INCLUDE A SMALL UPDATE TO THEIR SPECTRAL PROCESSING CODE. THEY WILL ALSO ADVISE ON THE ECLIPSE MAPPING CODE DEVELOPMENTS. PI RAUSCHER WILL DO THIS WORK WITH A GRADUATE STUDENT IN HER GROUP, WHO SHE WILL TRAIN AND SUPERVISE IN THESE ANALYSES.

1 INTRODUCTION THIS IS THE REVISED STATEMENT OF WORK (SOW) FOR ACTIVITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN IN SUPPORT OF THE PROJECT "NETWORK FOR EXPLORATION AND SPACE SCIENCE (NESS)" LED BY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR PROF. JACK BURNS, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER AS PART OF THE NASA SOLAR SYSTEM EXPLORATION RESEARCH VIRTUAL INSTITUTE (SSERVI). ACTIVITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN WILL BE LED BY INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR PROF. JUSTIN C. KASPER, WHO IS ALSO A NAMED CO-INVESTIGATOR ON THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO PROPOSAL TO NASA. THE PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE FOR THE ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED WITHIN THIS STATEMENT OF WORK IS 07/01/2017 THROUGH 06/30/2022. THIS STATEMENT OF WORK IS ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS. SECTION 2 DESCRIBES THE OVERALL PROPOSAL. SECTION 3 LISTS THE CONTRIBUTIONS TO BE MADE BY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. SECTION 4 DESCRIBES THE BUDGET PRODUCED TO SUPPORT THE TASKS LISTED IN SECTION 3. CONTACTS AT UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN JUSTIN KASPER (TECHNICAL CONTACT) THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CLIMATE AND SPACE SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2455 HAYWARD STREET ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2143 JCKASPER@UMICH.EDU ELAINE MEINZER (PROPOSAL CONTACT) RESEARCH ADMINISTRATOR THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CLIMATE AND SPACE SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2455 HAYWARD STREET ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2143 734-647-3565 EMEINZER@UMICH.EDU 2 DESCRIPTION OF OVERALL EFFORT THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE NETWORK FOR EXPLORATION AND SPACE SCIENCE (NESS) PROPOSAL IS TO IMPLEMENT CROSS-DISCIPLINARY PARTNERSHIPS TO ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY AND HUMAN EXPLORATION AT TARGET DESTINATIONS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM. NESS INCLUDES RESEARCH IN ASTROPHYSICS AND HELIOPHYSICS THAT IS UNIQUELY ENABLED BY, AND ENABLING OF, HUMAN AND ROBOTIC EXPLORATION OF TARGET BODIES. WORK AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN IN SUPPORT OF THIS OBJECTIVE CONSISTS OF: 1. GENERAL SUPPORT OF NESS INCLUDING PARTICIPATION IN TEAM MEETINGS AND TELECONS AND DISSEMINATION OF SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 2. PROVIDE LEADERSHIP OF THE HELIOPHYSICS AND 3 SPECIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS FROM MICHIGAN THE GROUP AT MICHIGAN WILL FOCUS ON THE FOURTH ELEMENT OF THE PROPOSED WORK, PROVIDING THE FOLLOWING TASKS: 1. GENERAL SUPPORT OF NESS EFFORT A. SUPPORT NESS TEAM MEETINGS AND TELECONS B. CO-I KASPER PROVIDES LEADERSHIP OF THE HELIOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS KEY PROJECT IN CONCERT WITH CO-I MACDOWALL (NASA/GSFC), WITH A FOCUS ON COORDINATING WORK ON LOW FREQUENCY RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUN AND RADIATION BELT AND COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES BY NESS COLLABORATORS AT THE PARIS OBSERVATORY IN MEUDON. 2. SCIENCE OF ACCELERATION AND RADIO EMISSION A. PROVIDE INPUT ON THE OBSERVATIONAL CAPABILITIES NEEDED TO USE SOLAR AND OTHER RADIO BURSTS TO FACILITATE IMPROVED MONITORING OF SOLAR PARTICLE EVENTS B. PARTICIPATE IN DEVELOPMENT OF REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY FOR IMAGING SOLAR RADIO BURSTS FROM THE MOON, IN PART USING WIND AND STEREO SPACECRAFT OBSERVATIONS AND AN ANALYSIS OF THE INTENSITY AND SPEED OF VARIOUS BURSTS C. PROVIDE INPUT TO STUDIES OF OPTIMUM OBSERVATORY CONFIGURATIONS 3. IMAGING EARTH"S ELECTRON RADIATION BELTS A. COLLECT INFORMATION ON TYPICAL AND EXTREME RADIATION BELT ENERGIES AND SPECTRA (E.G. BAKER ET AL 2014; FENNELL ET AL 2015; MA ET AL 2015) IN ORDER TO FEED A SIMPLE MODEL OF THE INTENSITY AND ENERGY SPECTRA OF RADIATION BELT ELECTRONS AS A FUNCTION OF TIME B. REVIEW EXISTING MODELS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM PLANETARY RADIATION BELTS (WHICH GENERALLY ARE FOR OTHER PLANETS OR CUT OFF AT HIGHER FREQUENCIES) AND DETERMINE IF IT WOULD BE SIMPLER TO ADOPT EXISTING MODELS OR DEVELOP A SIMPLE FRAMEWORK FOR CALCULATING THE INTEGRATED SYNCHROTRON EMISSION FROM THE RADIATION BELT AT FREQUENCIES BELOW THE IONOSPHERIC CUTOFF C. CALCULATE THE APPARENT EMISSION AS SEEN BY A LUNAR NEAR SIDE ARRAY, AND DETERMINE PRECISELY THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RESOLUTION REQUIRES FOR IMAGING THE DYNAMIC BELTS, AS WELL AS THE INTENSITY AND VARIABILITY OF THE EXPECTED SIGNAL. 4. SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT OF LUNAR OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE AS NEEDED A. THIS WILL GENERALLY CONSIST OF