Lunokhod 1

Ended

Facts last verified against primary sources on 2026-10-10

Facts

Operator: Lavochkin design bureau (USSR)
Country: SU
Type: rover
Launch: 1970-11-10 14:44 UTC
Landing: 1970-11-17 03:46 UTC
End: 1971-09-14 13:05 UTC

Landing site

Mare Imbrium (final parked position) · 38.3152°N 35.0080°W

Soft landing · source: pds.lroc.im-ldi.com

Landed

Planned landing site

Crash or hard landing

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Timeline

1970-11-17 06:27 UTCRolled off the Luna 17 lander onto the surface

Links

Sources

LROC Anthropogenic (man-made) Features on the Moon, PDS LRO-L-LROC-5-RDR-V1.0 EXTRAS/SHAPEFILE/ANTHROPOGENIC_OBJECTS (Wagner et al. 2017, Icarus 283, 92-103)README last updated 2026-08-142026-10-10
Siddiqi, A. A. (2018) Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958-2016, NASA SP-2018-40412nd edition, 20182026-10-10
NSSDCA Master Catalog: Luna 17 (1970-095A)2026-10-10

Generated 2026-10-10T00:00:00Z

Landed aboard Luna 17. landing_site is the rover's final parked position from its retroreflector (LROC table COORD_SRC 'Laser Ranging', reference DE430 lunar coordinates); the LROC table lists uncertainty 0 for laser-ranging points, so uncertainty_m is omitted rather than shown as zero. end_utc is the last communications session (Siddiqi 2018); attempts to re-establish contact stopped on 4 Oct 1971. Traverse about 10.5 km (revised to 9.93 km in 2013, Siddiqi 2018).